Notes:

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{W.H.Turton Identifies her as Mildegarde de Gand, dau. of Wichmann, Count
of Gand (d. ca. 949) - "The Plantagenet Ancestry" (Balt.:Gen.Pub.Co.,
1968), p. 20.}

Hildegard married Dirk, Count of Holland II between 940 and 945. II (son of Dirk, Count of Holland (First) I and Genna Princess of Italy) died on 6 May 988. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

1. Arnulf, Count of Holland II died on 18 Sep 993.

Notes:

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Arnulf was preoccupied with fighting off the Northmen. "In his old age he
placed the government in the hands of Baldwin, his son by Adela, daughter
of the count of Vermandois, and the young man in a short reign did much for
the commercial and industrial progress of the country, setting up the first
weavers and fullers at Ghent, and instituting yearly fairs at Ypres, Bruges
and other places. On Baldwin III's death in 961 the old count resumed
control and spent the few remaining years of his life in securing the
succession of his grandson Arnulf II...." {Encycl.Brit., 1956, 9:356}

I married Vermandois, Alix de in Feb 934. Alix (daughter of Herbert, Count of Vermandois II and Liegarde, of France) died in 960 in Bruges. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

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Alix (or Adele) may be daughter of Herbert II and another wife, Hildebrante of
Neustria.

Notes:

Married:
his first wife

Notes:

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Baldwin II, "from his stronghold at Bruges, maintained, like his father, a
vigorous defence of his lands against the incursions of the Northmen. On
his mother's side a descendant of Charlemagne, he strengthened the dynastic
importance of his family by marrying Aelfthryth, daughter of Alfred the
Great. On his death in 918 [sic] his possessions were divided between his
two sons Arnulf the Elder and Adalulf, but the latter survived only a short
time and Arnulf succeeded to the whole inheritance." {-Encyclopaedia
Britannica, 1956 Edition, 9:356}

II married Alfrith, Princess Lady in 884. Lady (daughter of Alfred King of England and Ealhswith) died on 7 Jun 929. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Occupation: Princess of England

Notes:

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Count of Vermandois and Troyes.

II married Liegarde, of FranceTroyes, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

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Baldwin was created Margrave of Flanders by his father-in-law, Emperor
Charles the Bald; he was responsible for repulsing invasions of the
Northmen in this coastal borderland of the Frankish dominion. {"The
Plantagenet Ancestry," W.H.Turton (Balt.:Gen.Pub.Co.,1968), p. 19 states
that Baldwin I is son of Odoacre, Count of Harlebec (d. 862), who is son of
Engelram, Count of Harlebec (d. ca. 824, son of Lyderic, Count of Harlebec,
who d. ca, 802.} BaldwinI died in 877 or 879.

I married Judith Princess of Aquitaine in 862. (daughter of Charles, King of Aquitaine II) was born in 846. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

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"Debrett's Kings and Queens of Britain" by David
Williamson (Salem House Pub., 1986) says, "....he [Charles the Bald]
gave her [Judith] in marriage to Ethelwulf, the wedding being solemnized
at Verberie-sur-Oise on 1 October 856. Ethelwulf returned home in 'good
health' and died over a year later on 13 January 858. He was buried
first at Steyning in Sussex, but was later removed to Winchester."

Notes:

Married:
her third marriage

Notes:

[dunbar_tree.FTW]

Alfred was one of the greatest military leaders in history; crowned at

Winchester Cathedral in 871; founded the British Navy; a scholar, etc.  The

Mercian kingdom ended during his reign "and in 886 Alfred's authority was

accepted by all Englishmen who were not under the power of the Danes.  From

this time onward the history of Wessex is the history of England."

{-Encyclopaedia Britannica, '56, 23:520; cf.8:483. Primary source is "Life

of King Alfred," Bishop Asser, trans. L. C. Jane (London: Chatto & Windus

Ltd., 1924).}

        ----- Compton's Encyclopedia (America Online, 1995) records:

ALFRED THE GREAT  (848?-899). The course of English history would have been

very different had it not been for King Alfred. He won renown both as a

statesman and as a warrior and is justly called "the Great."

   The England of Alfred's time was a country of four small Saxon kingdoms.

The strongest was Wessex, in the south. Born in about 848, Alfred was the

youngest son of Ethelwulf, king of Wessex. Each of Alfred's three older

brothers, in turn, ruled the kingdom. Alfred was by temperament a scholar,

and his health was never robust.

   Nevertheless in his early youth he fought with his brother Ethelred

against Danish invaders. Alfred was 23 when Ethelred died, but he had already

won the confidence of the army and was at once acclaimed king in 871. By this

time the Danes, or Vikings, had penetrated to all parts of the island. Three

of the Saxon kingdoms--Northumbria, Mercia, and East Anglia--had one after

another fallen to the Danish invaders.

   Under Alfred's leadership, the Saxons again found courage. The worst

crisis came in the winter of 877, when the Danish king, Guthrum, invaded

Wessex with his army. In 878 Alfred was defeated at Chippenham, where he was

celebrating Christmas, and was forced to go into hiding.

   A few months later he forced Guthrum to surrender at Chippenham. The Danes

agreed to make the Thames River and the old Roman road called Watling Street

the boundary between Alfred's kingdom and the Danish lands to the north. The

treaty, however, did not assure permanent peace. The Danes assaulted London

and the coast towns repeatedly. In about 896 they finally admitted defeat and

ceased their struggle for a foothold in southern England.

   Alfred was much more than the defender of his country. He took a keen

interest in law and order and was concerned with the improvement of the

cultural standards of his people. He encouraged industries of all kinds and

rebuilt London, which had been partly destroyed by the Danes. He collected

and revised the old laws of the kingdom. He invited learned men from other

countries to instruct the people because even the clergy of Wessex no longer

knew Latin, the international language of the church. He established a school

similar to the Palace School of Charlemagne.

   The "books most necessary for all men to know" were translated from Latin

into English so that the people might read them. Alfred himself took a part

in preparing the translations. The `Anglo-Saxon Chronicle' was probably begun

under his direction.

   Alfred died at the age of about 51 in 899. He was in no sense a true king

of England, for he ruled less than half of the island. After his death,

however, his capable son, Edward the Elder, and his grandsons extended their

rule over all of England.

 - - - - -

From an Internet article at Ancestry.com:

  "A British and U.S. archaeological team believes it has found the grave of

King Alfred, the great Saxon king, best remembered for fighting off the Danes

in the ninth century. As then befitted a king of great piety, Alfred was

buried in 899 at the New Minster church in Winchester, 65 miles southwest

of London. His remains are thought to have been moved 200 years later to

Winchester's Hyde Abbey, one of the great medieval monasteries. But the

abbey was destroyed in 1538, and the site believed to be Alfred's tomb now

lies next to a parking lot."

married Ealhswith in 868 in England. (daughter of Mucill, Ethelred Earl ofGaini and Eadburh, of Mercia) died on 5 Dec 905 in St. Mary's Abbey, Winchester, Dorset; was buried in Winchester. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

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Smyth ("Alfred the Great") says she died in 902.
She became a nun at widowhood, and was regarded as a saint after death.

Notes:

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Herbert was Count de Vermandois, Siegneur of Senlis, Peronne and St.
Quentin. {- ref. "Ancestral Roots of Sixty New England Colonists," by
F.L.Weis (Lancaster, Mass., 1950, p. 64).} Allstrom's "Dict. of Royal
Lineage," Vol. ii, p. 755, states that Herbert m. Richilde, dau. of Robert
the Strong who died in battle, 866/67. Herbert I was Imperial Ambassador.

I married de Morvois, Bertha ("Lady Beatrix") on Yes, date unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Occupation: Duke, then King

Notes:

[dunbar_tree.FTW]

Robert did not claim the crown on his brother's death in 898, but recognized the Carolingian king, Charles III; Robert continued to defend northern France from Norman attacks as "duke of the Franks"; about 921 he gathered support for his claim, and
drove Charles into Lorraine; 29 June 922 he was crowned at Rheims and the next year faced Charles' attempt to oust him, during which "in a stubborn and sanguinary battle near Soissons, Robert was killed, according to one tradition, in single combat
with his rival." {-Encyclopedia Britannica, 1956 Ed., 19:346} Robert's daughter, Emma, m. Raoul of Burgundy who reigned 923-936.

I married Adele on Yes, date unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

[dunbar_tree.FTW]

"Ancestral Roots..." (Balt., 1992) 48-18 gives Aelis as first wife of
Robert I, but other sources state that Beatrix of Vermandois is the first.